Predictores de fuerza de presión palmar en hemodiálisis en un centro único en Argentina
Resumen
Introducción: Existe una alta incidencia de fracturas en pacientes con enfermedad crónica terminal. Esto se debe en parte a la enfermedad óseo mineral del enfermo renal crónico y en parte a la alta prevalencia de debilidad muscular en esta población. Objetivo: Nuestro objetivo fue evaluar cuáles son los determinantes de fuerza muscular medida por fuerza de prensión palmar (FPP) en nuestra población de pacientes en hemodiálisis crónica. Material y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal en adultos de un centro de hemodiálisis. Se registró la FPP y el índice de masa magra (IMM). Se registraron los valores de albumina, magnesio y otros parámetros serológicos. Utilizamos un análisis de regresión lineal múltiple para evaluar los predictores de FPP. Resultados: Analizamos 139 pacientes (hombres:mujeres = 88:51, edad 60.7 ± 16), 18 fueron excluidos. La media de albúmina: 3.8 +/- 0.47 mg/dl, la mediana de tiempo en hemodiálisis: 37 meses (15-83), 25% (n= 35) fueron definidos como sarcopénicos y 21.5% (n= 30) tenían antecedentes de diabetes. En el análisis univariado el magnesio presentó correlación positiva con la FPP (ß 0.19 p 0.02). En el análisis multivariado todas las siguientes continuaron siendo correlativas con la FPP y estadísticamente significativas (R2 0.61 p <0.001): albumina (ß:.4.36 p 0.02), IMM (ß: 1.44 p <0.001), edad (ß -0.10 p 0.04), sexo (ß 6.21 p 0.007), diabetes (ß -5,08 p 0.005). Conclusión: Edad, diabetes, albúmina, sexo e IMM están independientemente asociados con la FPP en pacientes en hemodiálisis. Los niveles séricos de magnesio presentaron asociación en el análisis univariado.Citas
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